Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 7, Issue 1 , Pages 8-17 , January 2003

Femoral nerve blocks

References 

  1. Labat G. Regional anesthesia: Its technic and clinical application. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1922;
  2. Moore KL, Dalley AF. Lower limb. In: 2nd ed.  Moore KL,  Dalley AF editor. Clinically Oriented Anatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1999;p. 503–663
  3. Pither CE, Raj PP, Ford DJ. The use of peripheral nerve stimulators for regional anesthesia: A review of experimental characteristics. Reg Anesth. 1985;10:49–58
  4. Carron H, Korbon GA, Rowlingson JC. Lumbar plexus block. In:  Carron H,  Korbon GA,  Rowlingson JC editor. Regional Anesthesia: Techniques and Clinical Applications. Orlando, FL: Grune & Stratton; 1984;p. 27–31
  5. Brown DL. Regional anesthesia. In:  Kirby RR,  Gravenstein N editor. Clinical Anesthesia Practice. Philadelphia, PA: , WB Saunders; 1994;p. 514–541
  6. Moore DC. Block of the sciatic and femoral nerves. In: 4th ed.  Moore DC editors. Regional Block: A Handbook for Use in the Clinical Practice of Medicine and Surgery. Springfield, IL: , C. C. Thomas; 1965;p. 281–288
  7. Anker-Moller E, Spangsberg N, Dahl JB. Continuous blockade of the lumbar plexus after knee surgery: A comparison of the plasma concentrations and analgesic effect of bupivacaine 0.250% and 0.125%. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1990;34:468–472
  8. Casati A, Fanelli G, Magistris L. Minimum local anesthetic volume blocking the femoral nerve in 50% of cases: A double-blinded comparison between 0.5% ropivacaine and 0.5% bupivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2001;92:205–208
  9. Casati A, Fanelli G, Beccaria P. The effects of the single or multiple injection technique on the onset time of femoral nerve blocks with 0.75% ropivacaine. Anesth Analg. 2000;91:181–184
  10. Casati A, Fanelli G, Beccaria P. The effects of single or multiple injections on the volume of 0.5% ropivacaine required for femoral nerve blockade. Anesth Analg. 2001;93:183–186
  11. Marhofer P, Schrogendorfer K, Koinig H. Ultrasonographic guidance improves sensory block and onset time of three-in-one blocks. Anesth Analg. 1997;85:854–857
  12. Marhofer P, Schrogendorfer K, Wallner T. Ultrasonographic guidance reduces the amount of local anesthetic for 3-in-1 blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;23:584–588
  13. Vloka JD, Hadzic A, Drobnik L. Anatomical landmarks for femoral nerve block: A comparison of four needle insertion sites. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:1467–1470
  14. Winnie AP, Ramamurthy S, Durrani Z. The inguinal paravascular technic of lumbar plexus anesthesia: The “3-in-1 block.”. Anesth Analg. 1973;52:989–996
  15. Parkinson SK, Mueller JB, Little WL. Extent of blockade with various approaches to the lumbar plexus. Anesth Analg. 1989;68:243–248
  16. Seeberger MD, Urwyler A. Paravascular lumbar plexus block: Block extension after femoral nerve stimulation and injection of 20 vs. 40 ml mepivacaine 10 mg/ml. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1995;39:769–773
  17. Marhofer P, Nasel C, Sitzwohl C. Magnetic resonance imaging of the distribution of local anesthetic during the three-in-one block. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:119–124
  18. Dalens B, Vanneuville G, Tanguy A. Comparison of the fascia iliaca compartment block with the 3-in-1 block in children. Anesth Analg. 1989;69:705–713
  19. Capdevila X, Biboulet P, Bouregba M. Comparison of the three-in-one and fascia iliaca compartment blocks in adults: Clinical and radiographic analysis. Anesth Analg. 1998;86:1039–1044
  20. Ganapathy S, Wasserman RA, Watson JT. Modified continuous femoral three-in-one block for postoperative pain after total knee arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 1999;89:1197–1202
  21. Edwards ND, Wright EM. Continuous low-dose 3-in-1 nerve blockade for postoperative pain relief after total knee replacement. Anesth Analg. 1992;75:265–267
  22. Singelyn FJ, Gouverneur JM. Extended “three-in-one” block after total knee arthroplasty: Continuous versus patient-controlled techniques. Anesth Analg. 2000;91:176–180
  23. Barthelet Y, Capdevila X, Bernard N. Continuous analgesia with a femoral catheter: Plexus or femoral block?. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1998;17:1199–1205
  24. Capdevila X, Biboulet P, Morau D. Continuous three-in-one block for postoperative pain after lower limb orthopedic surgery: Where do the catheters go?. Anesth Analg. 2002;94:1001–1006
  25. Esteve M, Veillette Y, Ecoffey C. Continuous block of the femoral nerve after surgery of the knee: Pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1990;9:322–325
  26. Singelyn FJ, Vanderelst PE, Gouverneur JM. Extended femoral nerve sheath block after total hip arthroplasty: Continuous versus patient-controlled techniques. Anesth Analg. 2001;92:455–459
  27. Capdevila X, Biboulet P, Bouregba M. Bilateral continuous 3-in-1 nerve blockade for postoperative pain relief after bilateral femoral shaft surgery. J Clin Anesth. 1998;10:606–609
  28. Coad NR. Post-operative analgesia following femoral-neck surgery—a comparison between 3 in 1 femoral nerve block and lateral cutaneous nerve block. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1991;8:287–290
  29. Howard CB, Mackie IG, Fairclough J. Forum. Femoral neck surgery using a local anaesthetic technique. Anaesthesia. 1983;38:993–994
  30. Grossbard GD, Love BR. Femoral nerve block: A simple and safe method of instant analgesia for femoral shaft fractures in children. Aust N Z J Surg. 1979;49:592–594
  31. Ronchi L, Rosenbaum D, Athouel A. Femoral nerve blockade in children using bupivacaine. Anesthesiology. 1989;70:622–624
  32. Edkin BS, McCarty EC, Spindler KP. Analgesia with femoral nerve block for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Clin Orthop. 1999;369:289–295
  33. Edkin BS, Spindler KP, Flanagan JF. Femoral nerve block as an alternative to parenteral narcotics for pain control after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Arthroscopy. 1995;11:404–409
  34. Capdevila X, Barthelet Y, Biboulet P. Effects of perioperative analgesic technique on the surgical outcome and duration of rehabilitation after major knee surgery. Anesthesiology. 1999;91:8–15
  35. Singelyn FJ, Deyaert M, Joris D. Effects of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with morphine, continuous epidural analgesia, and continuous three-in-one block on postoperative pain and knee rehabilitation after unilateral total knee arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 1998;87:88–92
  36. Tarkkila P, Tuominen M, Huhtala J. Comparison of intrathecal morphine and continuous femoral 3-in-1 block for pain after major knee surgery under spinal anaesthesia. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 1998;15:6–9
  37. Vloka JD, Hadzic A, Mulcare R. Femoral and genitofemoral nerve blocks versus spinal anesthesia for outpatients undergoing long saphenous vein stripping surgery. Anesth Analg. 1997;84:749–752
  38. Tetzlaff J. The pharmacology of local anesthetics. Anesthesiol Clin North Am. 2000;18:217–233
  39. Lefrant JY, deLa Coussaye JE, Ripart J. The comparative electrophysiologic and hemodynamic effects of a large dose of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in anesthetized and ventilated piglets. Anesth Analg. 2001;93:1598–1605
  40. Knudsen K, Beckman Suurkula M, Blomberg S. Central nervous and cardiovascular effects of i.v. infusions of ropivacaine, bupivacaine and placebo in volunteers. Br J Anaesth. 1997;78:507–514
  41. Fanelli G, Casati A, Beccaria P. A double-blind comparison of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, and mepivacaine during sciatic and femoral nerve blockade. Anesth Analg. 1998;87:597–600
  42. Meister GC, D'Angelo R, Owen M. A comparison of epidural analgesia with 0.125% ropivacaine with fentanyl versus 0.125% bupivacaine with fentanyl during labor. Anesth Analg. 2000;90:632–637
  43. Casati A, Santorsola R, Cerchierini E. Ropivacaine. Minerva Anestesiol. 2001;67(suppl 1):15–19
  44. Eledjam JJ, Ripart J, Viel E. Clinical application of ropivacaine for the lower extremity. Curr Top Med Chem. 2001;1:227–231
  45. Casati A, Borghi B, Fanelli G. A double-blinded, randomized comparison of either 0.5% levobupivacaine or 0.5% ropivacaine for sciatic nerve block. Anesth Analg. 2002;94:987–990
  46. Santorsola R, Casati A, Cerchierini E. Levobupivacaine for peripheral blocks of the lower limb: A clinical comparison with bupivacaine and ropivacaine. Minerva Anestesiol. 2001;67(suppl 1):33–36
  47. Gristwood RW. Cardiac and CNS toxicity of levobupivacaine: Strengths of evidence for advantage over bupivacaine. Drug Saf. 2002;25:153–163
  48. Kennedy WF, Bonica JJ, Ward RJ. Cardiorespiratory effects of epinephrine when used in regional anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1966;23:320–333
  49. Partridge BL. The effects of local anesthetics and epinephrine on rat sciatic nerve blood flow. Anesthesiology. 1991;75:243–250
  50. Selander D. Paresthesias or no paresthesias? Nerve complications after neural blockades. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg. 1988;39(suppl 2):173–174
  51. Kroll DA, Caplan RA, Posner K. Nerve injury associated with anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1990;73:202–207
  52. Warner M. Patient positioning and nerve injury. Anesthesiol Clin North Am. 1996;14:561–572
  53. Fardin P, Benettello P, Negrin P. Iatrogenic femoral neuropathy. Considerations on its prognosis. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1980;20:153–155
  54. Chan JK, Manetta A. Prevention of femoral nerve injuries in gynecologic surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:1–7
  55. Cuvillon P, Ripart J, Lalourcey L. The continuous femoral nerve block catheter for postoperative analgesia: Bacterial colonization, infectious rate and adverse effects. Anesth Analg. 2001;93:1045–1049
  56. Johr M. A complication of continuous blockade of the femoral nerve. Reg Anaesth. 1987;10:37–38
  57. Todd MM, Brown DL. Regional anesthesia and postoperative pain management: Long-term benefits from a short-term intervention. [editorial] Anesthesiology. 1999;91:1–2
  58. Copeland SJ, Laxton MA. A new stimulating catheter for continuous peripheral nerve blocks. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2001;26:589–590
  59. Boezaart AP, de Beer JF, du Toit C. A new technique of continuous interscalene nerve block. Can J Anaesth. 1999;46:275–281
  60. Casati A, Cappelleri , Berti M. Randomized comparison of remifentanil-propofol with a sciatic-femoral nerve block for out-patient knee arthroscopy. Eur J Anaesth. 2002;19:109–114

☆ Address reprint requests to Karen C. Nielsen, MD, Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3094, Durham, NC 27710. E-mail: niels006@mc.duke.edu.

☆☆ 1084-208X/03/0701-0002$35.00/0

PII: S1084-208X(02)00005-8

doi: 10.1053/trap.2003.123518

Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 7, Issue 1 , Pages 8-17 , January 2003

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution