Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 13, Issue 3 , Pages 137-141 , July 2009

Ultrasound-guided cervical transforaminal injection and selective nerve root block

  • Samer Narouze, MD, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests and correspondence: Samer Narouze, MD, MSc, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Pain Management Department, 9500 Euclid Avenue, C25, Cleveland, OH 44195
    • ,
  • Amaresh Vydyanathan, MD, MS

References 

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  2. Huntoon MA. Anatomy of the cervical intervertebral foramina: Vulnerable arteries and ischemic neurologic injuries after transforaminal epidural injections. Pain. 2005;117:104–111
  3. Hoeft MA, Rathmell JP, Monsey RD, et al. Cervical transforaminal injection and the radicular artery: Variation in anatomical location within the cervical intervertebral foramina. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006;31:270–274
  4. Saal JS, Saal JA, Yurth EF. Nonoperative management of herniated cervical intervertebral disc with radiculopathy. Spine. 1996;21:1877–1883
  5. Carragee EJ, Hurwitz EL, Cheng I, et al. Treatment of neck pain: Injections and surgical interventions: Results of the Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. Spine. 2008;33:S153–S169
  6. Abdi S, Datta S, Trescot AM, et al. Epidural steroids in the management of chronic spinal pain: A systematic review. Pain Physician. 2007;10:185–212
  7. Kolstad F, Leivseth L, Nygaard OP. Transforaminal steroid injections in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy: A prospective outcome study. Acta Neurochir. 2005;147:1065–1070
  8. Slipman CW, Lipetz JS, Jackson HB, et al. Therapeutic selective nerve root block in the nonsurgical treatment of atraumatic cervical spondylotic radicular pain: A retrospective analysis with independent clinical review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81:741–746
  9. Ma DJ, Gilula LA, Riew KD. Complications of fluoroscopically guided extraforaminal cervical nerve blocks: An analysis of 1036 injections. J Bone Joint Surg. 2005;87:1025–1030
  10. Wallace MA, Fukui MB, Williams RL, et al. Complications of cervical selective nerve root blocks performed with fluoroscopic guidance. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007;188:1218–1221
  11. Rozin L, Rozin R, Koehler SA, et al. Death during transforaminal epidural steroid nerve root block (C7) due to perforation of the left vertebral artery. Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 2003;24:351–355
  12. Tiso RL, Cutler T, Catania JA, et al. Adverse central nervous system sequelae after selective transforaminal block: The role of corticosteroids. Spine J. 2004;4:468–474
  13. Baker R, Dreyfuss P, Mercer S, et al. Cervical transforaminal injections of corticosteroids into a radicular artery: A possible mechanism for spinal cord injury. Pain. 2003;103:211–215
  14. Muro K, O'Shaughnessy B, Ganju A. Infarction of the cervical spinal cord following multilevel transforaminal epidural steroid injection: Case report and review of the literature. J Spinal Cord Med. 2007;30:385–388
  15. Brouwers PJ, Kottink EJ, Simon MA, et al. A cervical anterior spinal artery syndrome after diagnostic blockade of the right C6-nerve root. Pain. 2001;91:397–399
  16. Beckman WA, Mendez RJ, Paine GF, et al. Cerebellar herniation after cervical transforaminal epidural injection. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006;31:282–285
  17. Provenzano DA, Fanciullo G. Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injections: Should we be performing them?. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2007;32:168
  18. Furman MB, Giovanniello MT, O'Brien EM. Incidence of intravascular penetration in transforaminal cervical epidural steroid injections. Spine. 2003;28:21–25
  19. Galiano K, Obwegeser AA, Bodner G, et al. Ultrasound-guided periradicular injections in the middle to lower cervical spine: An imaging study of a new approach. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2005;30:391–396
  20. Narouze SN. Ultrasound-guided cervical periradicular injection: Cautious optimism. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2006;31:87
  21. Narouze S, Vydyanathan A, Kapural L, et al. Ultrasound-guided cervical selective nerve root Block: A fluoroscopy-controlled feasibility study. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2009;34:343–348
  22. Martinoli C, Bianchi S, Santacroce E, et al. Brachial plexus sonography: A technique for assessing the root level. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2002;179:699–702
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PII: S1084-208X(09)00044-5

doi: 10.1053/j.trap.2009.06.016

Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 13, Issue 3 , Pages 137-141 , July 2009

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