Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 13, Issue 4 , Pages 255-257 , October 2009

Epidural steroid injection in the management of chronic pain in pediatric patients

  • Alexandra Szabova, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests and correspondence: Alexandra Szabova, MD, Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 2001, Cincinnati, OH 45238
    • ,
  • Nagy Mekhail, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pain Management, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio

References 

  1. Anderson G. Epidemiological features of chronic low back pain. Lancet. 1999;354:581–585
  2. Olsen TL, Anderson RL, Dearwater SR, et al. Epidemiology of low back pain in adolescent population. Am J Public Health. 1992;82:606–608
  3. Taimela S, Kujala UM, Salminen JJ, et al. The prevalence of low back pain among children and adolescents: A nationwide cohort-based questionnaire survey in Finland. Spine. 1997;22:1132–1136
  4. Roth-Isigkeit A, Thyen U, Stoven H, et al. Pain among children and adolescents: Restrictions in daily living and triggering factors. Pediatrics. 2005;115:152–162
  5. Jones GT, Macfarlane GJ. Epidemiology of low back pain in children and adolescents. Arch Dis Child. 2005;90:312–316
  6. Jones MA, Stratton G, Reilly T, et al. Biological risk indicators for recurrent non-specific low back pain in adolescents. Br J Sports Med. 2005;39:137–140
  7. Mustard CA, Kalcevich C, Frank JW, et al. Childhood and early adult predictors of risk of incident back pain: Ontario Child Health Study 2001 follow-up. Am J Epidemiol. 2005;162:779–786
  8. Balague F, Troussier B, Salminen JJ. Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: Risk factors. Eur Spine J. 1999;8:429–438
  9. Lynch AM, Kashikar-Zuck S, Goldschneider KR, et al. Psychosocial risks for disability in children with chronic back pain. J Pain. 2006;7:244–251
  10. Hestbaek L, Leboeuf-Yde C, Kyvik KO. Is comorbidity in adolescence a predictor for adult low back pain? (A prospective study of a young population). BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2006;7:29
  11. Scheman J. Multidisciplinary treatment of back pain (Spinal column). Spring 2005;Cleveland Clinic Spine Institute (CCSI) http://www.spineuniverse.com/displayarticle.php/article3071.html
  12. Chou R, Qaseem A, Snow V, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain: a joint clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:478–491

PII: S1084-208X(09)00055-X

doi: 10.1053/j.trap.2009.06.024

Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 13, Issue 4 , Pages 255-257 , October 2009

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