Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 3, Issue 2 , Pages 120-125 , April 1999

Regional anesthesia and analgesia in the orthopedic patient receiving thromboprophylaxis

    MD
  • Terese T. Horlocker

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Terese T. Horlocker, M.D. Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905

References 

  1. O'Meara PM, Kaufman EE. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in total hip arthroplasty: A review. Orthopedics. 1990;13:173
  2. Haake DA, Berkman SA. Venous thromboembolic disease after hip surgery: Risk factors, prophylaxis, diagnosis. Clin Orthop. 1989;242:212
  3. Eriksson BI, Wille-Jorgensen P, Kalebo P, et al. A comparison of recombinant hirudin with a low-molecular weight heparin to prevent thromboembolic complications after total hip replacement. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1329–1335
  4. Clagett GP, Anderson FA, Heit J, Levine MN, Wheeler HB. Prevention of venous thromboembolism. Fourth ACCP consensus conference on antithrombotic therapy. Chest. 1995;108:312S–334S
  5. Tryba M. Epidural regional anesthesia and low molecular heparin: Pro (German). Anästh Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 1993;28:179–181
  6. Vandermeulen EP, Van Aken H, Vermylen J. Anticoagulants and spinal-epidural anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1994;79:1165–1177
  7. Odoom JA, Sih IL. Epidural analgesia and anticoagulant therapy. Anaesthesia. 1983;38:254–259
  8. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ, Schlichting JL. Postoperative epidural analgesia and oral anticoagulant therapy. Anesth Analg. 1994;78:89–93
  9. Wu CL, Perkins FM. Oral anticoagulant prophylaxis and epidural catheter removal. Reg Anesth. 1996;21:517–524
  10. Enneking KF, Benzon HT. Oral anticoagulants and regional anesthesia: A perspective. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;23:140–145
  11. Rao TLK, El-Etr AA. Anticoagulation following placement of epidural and subarachnoid catheters: An evaluation of neurologic sequelae. Anesthesiology. 1981;55:618–620
  12. Ruff RL, Dougherty JH. Complications of lumbar puncture followed by anticoagulation. Stroke. 1981;12:879–881
  13. (review) Schwander D, Bachmann F. Heparin and spinal or epidural anesthesia: Decision analysis. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1991;10:284–296
  14. Darnat S, Guggiari M, Grob R, et al. Lumbar epidural haematoma following the setting-up of an epidural catheter. Ann Fr Anesth Reanin. 1986;5:550–552
  15. Dupeyrat A, Dequire PM, Merouani A, Moullier P, Eid G. Subarachniod hematoma and spinal anesthesia. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1990;9:560–562
  16. Metzger G, Singbarti G. Spinal epidural hematoma following epidural anesthesia versus spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (French). Two case reports. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1991;35:105–107
  17. Liu SS, Mulroy MF. Neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia in the presence of standard heparin. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;23:157–163
  18. Bergqvist D, Lindblad B, Matzsch T. Low molecular weight heparin for thromboprophylaxis and epidural/spinal anaesthesia: Is there a risk?. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1992;36:605–609
  19. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ. Neuraxial block and low molecular weight heparin: Balacing perioperative analgesia and thromboprophylaxis. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;23:164–177
  20. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ, Offord KP, et al. Preoperative antiplatelet therapy does not increase the risk of spinal hematoma associated with regional anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 1995;80:303–309
  21. CLASP (Collaborative Low-Dose Aspirin Study in Pregnancy) . CLASP: a randomized trial of low-dose aspirin for the prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia among 9364 pregnant women. Lancet. 1994;343:619–629
  22. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ, Offord KP. Does preoperative antiplatelet therapy increase the risk of hemorrhagic complications associated with regional anesthesia?. Anesth Analg. 1990;70:631–634
  23. Urmey WF, Rowlingson JC. Do antiplatelet agents contribute to the development of perioperative spinal hematoma?. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1998;23:146–151
  24. Horlocker TT, Wedel DJ. Regional anesthesia in the anticoagulated patient: Yes or no. In: Semin Anesth Periop Med Pain. 17:1998;p. 73–82

PII: S1084-208X(99)80031-7

Techniques in Regional Anesthesia & Pain Management
Volume 3, Issue 2 , Pages 120-125 , April 1999

Article Tools